The gospel according to the Hebrews.
One of the ancient Jewish gospels.
I make no attempt here to critically sort out which of the
following patristic references properly pertain to the
gospel of the Hebrews and which do not. This page simply takes
the statement at face value. Refer also to my consolidated page
on the Jewish-Christian gospels.
Clement of Alexandria.
Origen.
Cyprian.
Eusebius.
Cyril of Jerusalem.
Epiphanius.
Jerome.
Philip of Side.
Sedulius Scotus.
The Historical Investigation of
Luke.
Nicephorus.
Codex Vaticanus Reginae Latinus 49.
Clement of Alexandria.
Late century II, early III.
From Clement of Alexandria,
Miscellanies 2.9 (de Santos 3; Lagrange 9):
Η
καν
τω
καθ
Εβραιους
ευαγγελιω,
Ο
θαυμασας
βασιλευσει,
γεγραπται,
και
ο
βασιλευσας
αναπαυθησεται.
Which also is written in the gospel according to the Hebrews:
He who marveled shall reign, and he who reigned shall rest.
From Clement of Alexandria,
Miscellanies 5.14 (de Santos 4; Lagrange 10):
Ισον
γαρ
τουτοις
εκεινα
δυναται·
Ου
παυσεται
ο
ζητων,
εως
αν
ευρη·
ευρων
δε,
θαμβηθησεται·
θαμβηθεις
δε,
βασιλευσει·
βασιλευσας
δε,
επαναπαυσεται.
For those things can be the same as these: He who seeks shall not
cease until he finds, and finding he shall marvel, and having marveled he shall reign,
and having reigned he shall rest.
This repeated saying finds a parallel
in the apocryphal oracle that Eusebius attributes to the cult
of Simon Magus. From Eusebius, History
of the Church 2.13.7, writing of his followers:
Τα
δε
τουτων
αυτοις
απορρητοτερα,
ων
φασι
τον
πρωτον
επακουσαντα
εκπλαγησεσθαι,
και
κατα
τι
παρ
αυτοις
λογιον
εγγραφον
θαμβωθησεσθαι,
θαμβους
ως
αληθως
και
φρενων
εκστασεως
και
μανιας
εμπλεα
τυγχανει....
And the most unspoken of these [rites] of theirs, of
which they say that the one hearing them for the first time will be astonished,
and according to a certain written oracle among them will be made to marvel,
happen of a truth to be full of marvel and ecstatic thoughts and
mania....
Origen.
Early century III.
From Origen, On John 2.12, commentary
on John 1.3 (de Santos 5; Lagrange 11):
Εαν
δε
προσιηται
τις
το
καθ
Εβραιους
ευαγγελιον,
ενθα
αυτος
ο
σωτηρ
φησιν·
Αρτι
ελαβε
με
η
μητηρ
μου,
το
αγιον
πνευμα,
εν
μια
των
τριχων
μου
και
απηνεγκε
με
εις
το
ορος
το
μεγα
Θαβωρ,
επαπορησει,
πως
μητηρ
Χριστου
το
δια
του
λογου
γεγενημενον
πνευμα
αγιον
ειναι
δυναται.
But if any should admit the gospel according to the Hebrews,
where the savior himself says: Just now my mother, the holy spirit, took me by one of
my hairs and carried me to Tabor, the great mountain, he will be confused as to how the
holy spirit can be the mother of Christ, born through the word.
From Origen, On Jeremiah,
homily 15.4 (de Santos 6; Lagrange 12):
Ει
δε
τις
παραδεχεται
το,
Αρτι
ελαβε
με
η
μητηρ
μου,
το
αγιον
πνευμα,
και
ανηνεγκε
με
εις
το
ορος
το
μεγα
το
Ταβωρ,
και
τα
εξης....
And if any accepts the [statement]: Just now my mother, the holy
spirit, took me by one of my hairs and carried me to Tabor, the great mountain, and
what follows....
From Origen, Latin version of On
Matthew 15.14 (de Santos 33; translation taken from Joachim Jeremias,
Unknown Sayings of Jesus):
Scriptum est in evangelio quodam, quod
dicitur secundum Hebraeos, si tamen placet suscipere illud, non ad
auctoritatem sed ad manifestationem propositae quaestionis: Dixit,
inquit, ad eum alter divitum: Magister, quid bonum faciens vivam?
dixit ei: Homo, leges et prophetas fac. respondit ad eum: Feci.
dixit ei: Vade vende omnia quae possides et divide pauperibus, en
veni, sequere me.
It is written in a certain gospel, which is
called according to the Hebrews, if yet it pleases one to accept it,
not as an authority, but as a manifestation of the proposed question:
The second of the rich men said unto him: Master, what good thing can
I do and live? He said unto him: O man, do that which is in the law
and the prophets. He answered him: I have kept them. He said unto him:
Go, sell all that you own and distribute it to the poor, and come,
follow me.
Coepit autem dives scalpere caput suum et non
placuit ei. et dixit ad eumdominus: Quomodo dicis: Legem feci et
prophetas? quoniam scriptum est in lege: Diliges proximum tuum sicut
te ipsum. et ecce, multi fratres tui filii Abrahae amicti sunt
stercore, morientes prae fame, et domus tua plena est multis bonis,
et non egreditur omnino aliquid ex ea ad eos.
But the rich man began to scratch his head,
and it pleased him not. And the Lord said unto him: How can you say:
I have kept the law and the prophets? For it is written in the law:
You shall love your neighbor as yourself. And behold, many of your
brethren, sons of Abraham, are clad in filth, dying of hunger, and
your house is full of many good things, and nothing at all goes out
of it unto them.
Et conversus dixit Simoni, discipulo suo sedenti
apud se: Simon, fili Ioanne, facilius est camelum intrare per
foramen acus quam divitem in regnum caelorum.
And he turned and said unto Simon his
disciple, who was sitting by him: Simon, son of Jonah, it is easier
for a camel to enter in by the eye of a needle than for a rich man
to enter into the kingdom of heaven.
Cyprian.
Middle of century III.
From Cyprian (or pseudo-Cyprian), On
Rebaptism 100.17, writing about a book called the preaching of Paul (de Santos
34):
In quo libro, contra omnes scripturas, et de peccato proprio
confitentem invenies Christum, qui solus omnino nihil deliquit et ad accipiendum Ioannis
baptisma paene invitum a matre sua Maria esse compulsum, item cum baptizaretur ignem super
aquam esse visum, quod in evangelio nullo est scriptum, et post tanta tempora Petrum et
Paulum post conlationem evangelii in Hierusalem et mutuam cogitationem et altercationem
et rerum agendarum dispositionem, postremo in urbe quasi tunc primum invicem sibi esse
cognitos, et quaedam alia huiusmodi absurde ac turpiter conficta, quae omnia in illum
librum invenies congesta.
In which book, against all the scriptures, you will find Christ
even confessing his own sin, who alone failed in nothing at all, and that he was compelled
by his own mother Mary almost unwillingly to accept the baptism of John, that likewise,
when he was baptized, a fire was seen over the water, which is written in no gospel, and
that after so much time Peter and Paul, after the bringing together of the gospel in
Jerusalem and the mutual cogitation and the altercation and disposition of matters to be
done, finally [were] in the city [of Rome], as if there first they recognized each other,
and certain other things of this nature, absurdly and disgracefully concocted, which you
will find all congested in that book.
This passage makes the list for its thematic similarity to Jerome,
Against the Pelagians 3.2, though surely a different
text is in view, since the passage from Jerome has Jesus denying any personal sin.
Eusebius.
Early century IV.
From Eusebius,
History of the Church 3.25.5, writing of the
disputed or illegitimate scriptures (de Santos 7; Lagrange 15):
Ηδη
δ
εν
τουτοις
τινες
και
το
καθ
Εβραιους
ευαγγελιον
κατελεξαν,
ω
μαλιστα
Εβραιων
οι
τον
Χριστον
παραδεξαμενοι
χαιρουσι.
And some indeed catalogue also the gospel according to the
Hebrews among these, in which those of the Hebrews who have accepted Christ especially
rejoice.
From Eusebius,
History of the Church 3.27.4 (de Santos 8;
Lagrange 16):
Ουτοι
δε
του
μεν
αποστολου
πασας
τας
επιστολας
αρνητεας
ηγουντο
ειναι
δειν,
αποστατην
αποκαλουτες
αυτον
του
νομου,
ευαγγελιω
δε
μονω
το
καθ
Εβραιους
λεγομενω
χρωμενοι,
των
λοιπων
σμικρον
εποιουντο
λογον.
And these reckoned that all the epistles of the apostle ought
to be denied, calling him an apostate from the law, and, using only the gospel called
according to the Hebrews, they make little of the word of the rest.
From Eusebius,
History of the Church 3.39.17 (de Santos 9;
Lagrange 13):
Κεχρηται
δ
ο
αυτος
μαρτυριαις
απο
της
Ιωαννου
προτερας
επιστολης
και
απο
της
Πετρου
ομοιως,
εκτεθειται
δε
και
αλλην
ιστοριαν
περι
γυναικος
επι
πολλαις
αμαρτιαις
διαβληθεισης
επι
του
κυριου,
ην
το
καθ
Εβραιους
ευαγγελιον
περιεχει.
και
ταυτα
δ
ημιν
αναγκαιως
προς
τοις
εκτεθεισιν
επιτετηρησθω.
And he himself used testimonies from the first epistle
of John and similarly from that of Peter, and set out also another record about
a woman who was charged for many sins before the Lord, which the gospel according
to the Hebrews has. And let these things also be necessarily observed by us on
top of the things that have been set out.
From Eusebius,
History of the Church 4.22.8 (de Santos 10;
Lagrange 14):
Εκ
τε
του
καθ
Εβραιους
ευαγγελιου
και
του
Συριακου,
και
ιδιως
εκ
της
Εβραιδος
διαλεκτου,
τινα
τιθησιν
[Ηγησιππος],
εμφαινων
εξ
Εβραιων
εαυτον
πεπιστευκεναι·
και
αλλα
δε
ως
αν
εξ
Ιουδαικης
αγραφου
παραδοσεως
μνημονευει·
ου
μονος
δε
ουτος,
αλλα
και
Ειρηναιος
και
ο
πας
των
αρχαιων
χορος,
παναρετον
σοφιαν
τας
Σολομωνος
παροιμιας
εκαλουν.
[Hegesippus] sets out something from the gospel
according to the Hebrews and from the Syriac, and likewise from the Hebrew
dialect, making apparent that he himself had come to faith out of the Hebrews.
And other things also he records, as if from the unwritten Jewish tradition.
And not only this man, but also Irenaeus and all the chorus of the ancients,
called the proverbs the all-virtuous wisdom of Solomon.
From Eusebius, Theophany 4.12
(de Santos 11; Lagrange 18):
Επει
δε
το
εις
ημας
ηκον
Εβραικοις
χαρακτηρσιν
Ευαγγελιον
την
απειλην
ου
κατα
του
αποκρυψαντος
επηγεν,
αλλα
κατα
του
ασωτως
εζηκοτος,
τρεις
γαρ
δουλους
περιειχε,
τον
μεν
καταφαγοντα
την
υπαρξιν
του
δεσποτου
μετα
πορνων
και
αυλητριδων,
τον
δε
πολλαπλασιασαντα
την
εργασιαν,
τον
δε
κατακρυψαντα
το
ταλοντον,
ειτα
τε
τον
μεν
αποδεχθηναι,
τον
δε
μεμφθηναι
μονον,
τον
δε
συγκλεισθηναι
δεσμωτηριω,
εφιστημι,
μηποτε
κατα
τον
Ματθαιον
μετα
την
συμπληρωσιν
του
λογου
του
κατα
του
μηδεν
εργασαμενου,
η
εξης
επιλεγομενη
απειλη
ου
περι
αυτου,
αλλα
περι
του
προτερου
κατ
επαναληψιν
λελεκται,
του
εσθιοντος
και
πινοντος
μετα
των
μεθυοντων.
But since the gospel written in Hebraic characters which has
come to us levels the threat, not against the man who hid the talent, but against him who
had lived unsafely (for it had three servants, the one eating up the belongings of his
master with harlots and flute-girls, another multiplying it by the work of trade, and the
other hiding the talent, then made the one to be accepted, another only blamed, and the
other to be closed up in prison), I wonder whether in Matthew, after the end of the word
against the one who did not work, the threat that follows was said, not about him, but
about the first, by epanalepsis,* the one who ate and drank with the
drunkards.
* Epanalepsis is the taking up of a former topic after a
latter topic has intervened.
The following excerpt from Eusebius, Theophany 4.12, is not extant in Greek. Both the Syriac
transliteration and the Latin translation are from Joachim Jeremias, Unknown Sayings of Jesus (de Santos 12-13; Lagrange 17):
Egbe li shappire; shappire hanon dihab li ab debashemayya.
Eligo mihi quae mihi placent; placent mihi quae
mihi dat pater meus in caelis.
I choose for myself those who please me;
they please me whom my father in heaven gives me.
Cyril of Jerusalem.
Middle of century IV.
From Cyril of Jerusalem (or Pseudo-Cyril), Discourse on Mary Theotokos 12a (de Santos 41).
I have only briefly seen the original Coptic of this passage in Budge, Miscellaneous Coptic Texts, and offer it here in the Spanish
given by Aurelio de Santos Otero, Los evangélios
apócrifos, page 45. We pick up the text at the point at which Cyril has asked a monk
from Maioma of Gaza about the false doctrine that he has been teaching, and the monk
replies:
Está escrito en [el evangelio] según los Hebreos que, deseando Cristo venir
a la tierra para efectuar la redención, el buen padre llamó a una fuerza celestial por nombre
Miguel, recomendándole el cuidado de Cristo en esta empresa. Y vino la fuerza al mundo, y
se llamaba María, y estuvo siete meses en su seno. Después le dió a luz, y creció en estatura
y escogió los apóstoles..., fue crucificado y asumido por el padre.
It is written in [the gospel] according to the Hebrews that,
when Christ desired to come to earth to effect redemption, the good father called forth
the celestial power, Michael by name, commending the care of Christ to him in this
enterprise. And the power came down to the world, and it was called Mary, and he was in her
womb for seven months. Afterward she brought him to light, and he grew in stature and chose
the apostles..., was crucified and assumed by the father.
Cirilo le dice: ¿En qué lugar de los cuatro evangelios se dice que la santa virgen María,
madre de Dios, es una fuerza?
Cyril says to him: In which part of the four gospels is it said
that the holy virgin Mary, mother of God, is a force?
El monje responde: En el evangelio de los Hebreos.
The monk responds: In the gospel of the Hebrews.
Entonces, dice Cirilo, ¿son cinco los evangelios? ¿Cuál es el quinto?
Then, says Cyril, are there five gospels? Which is the fifth?
El monje responde: Es el evangelio que fue escrito para los Hebreos.
The monk responds: It is the gospel that was written for the
Hebrews.
At the ellipsis (...) above, the translation in The Complete
Gospels has:
...who preached him everywhere. He fulfilled the
appointed time that was decreed for him. The Jews grew envious of him and came to hate him.
They changed the custom of their law, and they rose up against him, and laid a trap, and
caught him. They turned him over to the governor, who gave him back to them to
crucify.
Epiphanius.
Late century IV.
From Epiphanius, Panarion 46.1, writing about Tatian (Lagrange 7):
Λεγεται
δε
το
δια
τεσσαρων
ευαγγελιον
υπ
αυτου
γεγενησθαι,
οπερ
κατα
Εβραιους
τινεσ
καλουσιν.
And it is said that the Diatessaron gospel, which some call according to
the Hebrews, was made by him.
Jerome.
Early century V.
From Jerome, On Micah 2, commentary
on Micah 7.6 (de Santos 16):
Sed qui legerit canticum canticorum et sponsum animae dei
sermonum intellexerit, credideritque evangelio quod secundum Hebraeos editum nuper
transtulimus, in quo ex persona salvatoris dicitur: Modo tulit me mater mea, sanctus spiritus,
in uno capillorum meorum, non dubitabit dicere sermonem dei ortum esse de spiritu, et animam,
quae sponsa sermonis est, habere socrum sanctum spiritum, qui apud Hebraeos genere dicitur
feminino rua (רוח).
But he who reads the Song of Songs
and understands the spouse of the soul to be the speech of God, and believes the gospel
which we recently translated, that published as according to the Hebrews, in which from
the person of the savior it is said: Just now my mother, the holy spirit, bore me by one of
my hairs, [such a reader] will not doubt to say that the speech of God springs from the
spirit, and that the soul, which is the spouse of the speech, has the holy spirit as a
mother-in-law, which among the Hebrews is said by the female gender, rua
(רוח).
Jerome himself twice refers to this same saying in other commentaries in
an abbreviated form. From On Isaiah 11,
commentary on Isaiah 40.9:
Sed et in evangelio quod iuxta Hebraeos scriptum
Nazaraei lectitant, dominus loquitur: Modo me tulit mater mea, spiritus sanctus.
But also in the gospel which the Nazaraeans read, written
according to the Hebrews, the Lord says: Just now my mother, the holy spirit, bore
me [away].
From Jerome, On Matthew 1, commentary
on Matthew 2.5 (de Santos 20):
In Bethleem Iudaeae: Librariorum hic error est. putamus enim
ab evangelista primum editum sicut in ipso Hebraico legimus, Iudae, non Iudaeae.
In Bethlehem of Judea: This is an error of the scribes. We suppose
indeed that it was first published from the evangelist as we read in the Hebraic [gospel],
of Judah, not of Judea.
From Jerome, On Matthew 1, commentary
on Matthew 6.11 (de Santos 21):
In evangelio quod appellatur secundum Hebraeos, pro
supersubstantiali pane reperi mahar
(מהר), quod dicitur
crastinum, ut sit sensus: Panem nostrum crastinum, id est, futurum da nobis
hodie.
In the gospel which is named according to the Hebrews, instead of
supersubstantial bread I found mahar (מהר),
which means of tomorrow, so that the sense would be: Our bread for tomorrow, that is,
the future [bread] give us this day.
From Jerome, On Matthew 4, commentary
on Matthew 27.16 (de Santos 25):
Iste [Barabbas] in evangelio quod scribitur iuxta Hebraeos
filius magistri eorum interpretatur qui propter seditionem et homicidium fuerat
condemnatus.
This man [Barabbas] is interpreted in the gospel which is written
according to the Hebrews as the son of their master, who was condemned on account of
sedition and homicide.
From Jerome, On Matthew 4, commentary
on Matthew 27.51 (de Santos 26):
In evangelio cuius saepe facimus mentionem superliminare templi
infinitae magnitudinis fractum esse atque divisum legimus.
In the gospel of which we often make mention we read that a
lintel of the temple of infinite magnitude was broken and divided.
From Jerome, On Ephesians 3, commentary
on Ephesians 5.4 (de Santos 15):
Ut in Hebraico quoque evangelio legimus, dominus ad discipulos
loquentem: Nunquam, inquit, laeti sitis, nisi cum fratrem vestrum videritis in
charitate.
As we read also in the Hebraic gospel, the Lord, speaking to
the disciples, says: Never be content except when you look upon your brother in
charity.
From Jerome, On Famous Men 2
(de Santos 17):
Evangelium quoque quod appellatur secundum Hebraeos, et a me
nuper in Graecum Latinumque sermonem translatum est, quo et Origenes saepe utitur,
post resurrectionem salvatoris refert: Dominus autem cum dedisset sindonem servo
sacerdotis, ivit ad Iacobum et apparuit ei. iuraverat enim Iacobus se non
comesturum panem ab illa hora quia biberat calicem domini donec videret eum
resurgentem a dormientibus.
Also the gospel which is named according to the Hebrews, and
which was recently translated by me into Greek and Latin, which also Origen often used,
refers after the resurrection of the savior: But the Lord, when he had given the shroud
to the servant of the priest, went to James and appeared to him. James indeed had sworn
that he would not eat bread from that hour when he had drunk the chalice of the Lord until
he saw him risen from among those who sleep.
Rursusque post paululum: Afferte, ait dominus, mensam et panem.
statimque additur: Tulit panem et benedixit, ac fregit, et dedit Iacobo iusto,
et dixit ei: Frater mi, comede panem tuum, quia resurrexit filius hominis a
dormientibus.
And again after a little bit: Bear forth, said the Lord, a table
and bread. And immediately is added: He bore bread and blessed it, and broke it, and
gave it to James the just, and said to him: My brother, eat your bread, because the son
of man has resurrected from among those who sleep.
From Jerome, On Famous Men 16, writing
of Ignatius (de Santos 19):
...et proprie ad Polycarpum, commendans illi Antiochensem
ecclesiam, in qua et de evangelio quod nupe a me translatum est super persona Christi ponit
testimonium dicens: Ego vero et post resurrectionem in carne eum vidi, et credo quai sit.
et, quando venit ad Petrum et ad eos qui cum Petro erant, dixit eis: Ecce, palpate me, et
videte quia non sum daemonium incorporale. et statim tetigerunt eum et
crediderunt.
...and properly to Polycarp, commending the Antiochene church to him,
in which he put testimony also of the gospel which was recently translated by me about the
person of Christ, saying: I also truly saw him in the flesh after the resurrection, and
believe that he is. And, when he came to Peter and to those who were with Peter, he said
to them: Behold, handle me and see that I am not an incorporeal daemon. And immediately
they touched him and believed.
From Jerome,
Against the Pelagians 3.2 (de Santos 31-32):
In evangelio iuxta Hebraeos, quod Chaldaico quidem Syroque
sermone sed Hebraicis litteris scriptum est, quod utuntur usque hodie Nazareni, secundum
apostolos, sive ut plerique autumant iuxta Matthaeum, quod et in Caesariensi habetur
bibliotheca, narrat historia: Ecce, mater domini et fratres eius dicebant ei: Joannes baptista
baptizat in remissionem peccatorum; eamus et baptizemur ab eo. dixit autem eis: Quid peccavi,
ut vadam et baptizer ab eo? nisi forte hoc ipsum quod dixi ignorantia est.
In the gospel according to the Hebrews, which indeed is written
in Chaldean and Syrian speech, but with Hebraic letters, which the Nazarenes use until this
day, according to the apostles, or as most term it according to Matthew, which is also
held in the Caesarean library, it narrates the story: Behold, the mother of the Lord
and his brothers were saying to him: John the baptist is baptizing for the remission of
sins. Let us also be baptized by him. But he said to them: How have I sinned, that I should
go and be baptized by him? Unless perchance this that I have just said is
ignorance.
Et in eodem volumine: Si peccaverit, inquit, frater tuus in
verbo, et satis tibi fecerit, septies in die suscipe eum. dixit illi Simon discipulus eius:
Septies in die? respondit dominus et dixit ei: Etiam ego dico tibi, usque septuagies septies.
etenim in prophetis quoque, postquam uncti sunt spiritu sancto, inventus est sermo
peccati.
And in the same volume he says: If your brother sins in word,
and makes satisfaction to you, seven times a day receive him. Simon his disciple said to
him: Seven times a day? The Lord responded and said to him: Still I say to you, until
seventy times seven. For indeed in the prophets, even after they were anointed by the holy
spirit, the speech of sin was found.
From the epistle of Jerome to Hedibia, epistle 120 (de Santos 27):
In evangelio autem quod Hebraicis litteris scriptum est legimus,
non velum templi scissum, sed superliminare templi mirae magnitudinis
corruisse.
But in the gospel which is written with Hebraic letters we read,
not that the veil of the temple was rent, but that the lintel of the temple, of marvelous
magnitude, fell.
Philip of Side.
Century V.
From Philip Sidetes, writing of the ancients (de Santos 38;
Lagrange 24):
Το
δε
καθ
Εβραιους
ευαγγελιον
και
το
λεγομενον
Πετρου
και
Θωμα
τελειως
απεβαλλον,
αιρετικων
ταυτα
συγγραμματα
λεγοντες.
But they completely cast out the gospel according to the
Hebrews and that called of Peter and of Thomas, saying that these were the writings of
heretics.
Sedulius Scotus.
Century IX.
The English translation of this text is
provided by E. P. Sanders in appendix V of his landmark book, The Tendencies of the Synoptic Tradition, page
302. Sanders in turn credits Hennecke-Schneemelcher, New Testament Apocrypha, volume 1, page 151.
From the Commentary on Matthew,
some slight modifications made to the translation:
Ita nanque refert evangelium quod
secundum Ebraos praetitulatur:
For thus the gospel which is entitled according
to the Hebrews reports:
Intuitus Ioseph oculis vidit turbam
viatorum comitantium venientium ad speluncam et dixit: Surgam et procedam
foras inobviam eis. cum autem processisset, dixit ad Simonem Ioseph: Sic
mihi videnture isti qui veniunt augures esse. ecce enim omni momento
respiciunt in caelum et inter se disputant. sed et peregrini videntur
esse, quoniam et habitus eorum differt ab habitu nostro. nam vestis
eorum amplissima est, et color fuscus est eorum densius, et pilea
habent in capitibus suis et molles mihi videntur vestes eorum et in
pedibus eorum sunt saraballae. et ecce steterunt et intendunt in me,
et ecce iterum coeperunt huc venientes ambulare.
When Joseph looked out with his eyes, he saw a
crowd of pilgrims who were coming in company to the cave, and he said:
I will arise and go out to meet them. And, when Joseph went out,
he said to Simon: It seems to me as if
those coming were soothsayers, for lo, every moment they look up to
heaven and confer with one another. But they seem also to be strangers,
for their appearance differs from ours; for their dress is very rich
and their complexion quite dark; they have caps on their heads and
their garments seem to me to be silky, and they have breeches on
their legs. And lo, they have halted and are looking at me, and lo,
they have again set themselves in motion and are coming
here.
Quibus verbis liquide ostenditur non tres tantum
viros sed turbam viatorum venisse ad dominum, quamvis
iuxta quosdam eiusdem turbae praecipui magistri certis nominibus
Melchus, Caspar, Phadizarda nuncupentur.
From these words it is clear that not merely
three men but a crowd of pilgrims came to the Lord, even if according
to some the foremost leaders of this crowd were named with the definite
names Melchus, Caspar, and Phadizarda.
The Historical Investigation of the Gospel
According to Luke.
Century IX.
From the Historical Investigation of the Gospel
According to Luke, folio 56 recto, on Luke 10.13:
Bezaida, in qua sanavit paraliticum cata Iohannem.
in his civitatibus multae virtutes facte sunt, quae evangelium secundum Hebraos
quinquaginta ter virtutes in his factas enumerat.
Bethsaida, in which he healed the paralytic according
to John. In these cities many miracles were done, which the gospel according
to the Hebrews ennumerates as fifty-three three miracles done in
them.
Nicephorus.
Century IX.
From the stichometry of the Chronology of Nicephorus (de Santos 39; Lagrange 20):
Ευαγγελιον
κατα
Εβραιους,
στιχοι
͵βςʹ.
The gospel according to the Hebrews, 2200 lines.
Codex Vaticanus Reginae Latinus 49.
From the royal codex Vaticanus Latinus 49, century IX:
Item isti VIII dies pascae in quo resur{rexit} Christus
filius dei significant VIII dies post remi{ssionem} pascae in quo iudicabitur totum
semen Adae, ut nuntiatur in evangelio Ebreorum, et ideo putant sapientes diem
iudicii in tempore pascae, eo quod in illo die resur{rexit} Christus ut in illo iterum
resurgant sancti.
Likewise these eight days of
Passover in which Christ the son of God
resurrected signify eight days after the remission of
Passover in which the entire seed of Adam
will be judged, as is announced in the gospel of the Hebrews, and therefore
wise men suppose that the day of judgment is at the time of the
Passover, since on that day Christ
resurrected so that on that same day the saints might rise up again.
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